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初中英语语法之过去进行时专项语法讲解

线话英语|2015-05-11 16:28:32

   (一)定义

      过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。

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  (二)结构

 

 

      was/were +doing (当初分词)

 

 

  (三)初中英语语法用法

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     1、过去进行时表示从前某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事件。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如:

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    We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 内容来自

    昨天晚上七点到九点的时候咱们在看电视。        

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    What was he researching all day last Sunday?

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    上周日他一终日都在研究什么?

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    My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

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    我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了。 

    It was raining when they left the station. CopyRight .com

    他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

    When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

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    当我到达山顶的时候,阳光残酷。

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  2. 过去进行时可能表示在过去某个时间点发生的事件。时间点能够用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。初中英语语法如:

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    What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 内容来自

    昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)

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    When I saw him he was decorating his room. 内容来自

    当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)

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  3.  在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是连续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如: 内容来自

    While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

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    他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是连续的) CopyRight .com

    He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.

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    他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行) CopyRight .com

  4.  通常不能用于过去进行时的动词重要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(领有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如:

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    误:I was knowing the answer. 内容来自

    正:I knew the answer. 我知道谜底。 CopyRight .com

    误:I wasn't understanding him.

    正:I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 CopyRight .com

  典型的初中英语语法例题:

 

 

  1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. 

 

 

  A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes 内容来自

    答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,“玛丽在做衣服时”供应事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。 内容来自

  2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. 内容来自

  A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 内容来自

    答案B.初中英语语法知识点句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描写一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。 CopyRight .com

  (四)过去进行时跟普通过去时的差异的初中英语语法

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    1.畸形过去时叙述旧事,过去进行时描述背景。

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    A、一般过去时

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    1)叙述过去状态、动作或事件 CopyRight .com

    He went to Beijing the other day.(带详细时间)

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    2)表示过去的习惯

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    a) would ,used to与过去时 CopyRight .com

    would 表间断性不规则的习惯,常带频率时间 内容来自

    used to 表一贯性有法令的习惯

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    They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.

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    He smoked a lot two years ago. (过去行为)

 

 

    b) Would 用于文中不用于句首,只表过去习惯。 CopyRight .com

    Used to 表今昔比拟的含意,叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。 内容来自

  

    When he was a boy , he would often go there . (叙述过去) CopyRight .com

    She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比)

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    c) 表示状态时个别只用used to 内容来自

    Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状况)

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    d) was (were) used to +ving表现“合适于,适应于;..” CopyRight .com

    He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常)

 

 

    He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应) CopyRight .com

    3)表示过去的经历,平举措作,依此事件用正常过去时。

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    He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)

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    4)表示客气委婉的语气,用于情态动词,助动词跟want , wonder , hope 等

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    How did you like the film? / Could you help me? 内容来自

    B. 过去进行时 内容来自

    -表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在产生

 

 

    What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (从前某时刻正在发生)

 

 

    -短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按打算、打算

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    During that time he was going with us.(表示盘算)

 

 

    -与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜好,讨厌等感情色彩。

 

 

    He was always Changing his mind.

 

 

  2、过去进行时与个别过去时的初中英语语法差别

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    A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示举动的“整体”和存在的状态。

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    I was reading the book at that time. (未读完,“读”的片断)

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    I read the book yesterday. (已读完,表全体“读”)

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    B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用

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    It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词,故也可利用)

    He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与连续时间连用,表反复,持续发生,不可用一般过去时)

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    C、while 时光状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 内容来自

    例:He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.

    D、While 所在主从句动作大抵持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时。

    I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)

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    I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.

 

 

    I saw him while I was walking to the station.

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  3、英语中有四类动词一般不必进行时(不用当初进行时和过去进行时) CopyRight .com

    1)表心理状态、情感的动词,初中英语语法如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等,若用进行时则词意改变。

 

 

    I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )

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    2)表存在、状态的动词,如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 CopyRight .com

    3)表觉得的动词,如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.

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    4)表一时性的动词,如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 CopyRight .com

  5、例题 CopyRight .com

    考题1 As she ____the newspaper ,Granny ____ asleep .(95)

    A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell 内容来自

    C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell CopyRight .com

    分析 时间从句的动作长,而“入睡”动作短,故前者用过去进行时,而较短动词用一般过去时,选B CopyRight .com

    考题2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ .

 

 

    A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked 内容来自

    C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked

    剖析 此题先要理解好when的初中英语语法 ,表“此时”,说明主句中slipped是较短行为,而look是较长行动的片段,即汤姆溜进房子,此时没人瞧见,故选A为正确

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初中英语语法

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